Confronted with the reality of being multicultural societies, Quebec and (more recently) Germany are attempting to accommodate the pluralism resulting from immigration. This article provides a comparative analysis of the Quebec and German debates about immigration and integration, and highlights the aspect of integration within a common societal culture. Is this notion of societal culture seen as juridical or socio-cultural? Does it refer to a national identity whose elaboration would be open to individuals and groups of diverse origins? Using the arguments sketched out by debates in political philosophy, the article examines the principles of Quebec's policies and analyzes the main tendencies being developed in the current German debate. Could these two debates serve to enrich each other?